Why development is important for a person. Space p.1: Why you need to learn

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Americans sent one satellite into space. They tried to prevent damage to the electronics and penetrate these belts. One attempt after another failed. The Russians also sent their own researchers. Together they made about thirty or forty attempts - but failed.

By the end of the 1950s, electronics was still in use, and transistors appeared in the 1960s. Historical records tell us that the Van-Allen radiation barrier was the first to cross the Russians. However, there is information that strong protection is required to overcome this radiation, and each antenna is very convenient for bringing electrons into the spacecraft, which then burns all the electronics. If so, then this powerful shield on the Apollo spacecraft was missing. But the Russians said that in fact they had reached their lunar probes, which they managed to break through their belts.

But no books mention the shield to fly through these belts anymore. Later, with the introduction of chips and integrated circuits, the problem of radiation and cosmic radiation deepened. The cosmic ray microparticles have removed the chips from the function. When electronic components are still operating at a lower power level, their malfunction was caused by even less electrical interference. Parts are protected from such radiation, but only in conditions of our planet. The radiation belts themselves are a fairly intense field, and on the other hand there is nothing pleasant: the solar wind, cosmic and gamma rays.

All this is strong enough to burn radio circuits - what then to say about thin integrated circuits. Scientists say that radiation bands protect us from stronger cosmic radiation and solar storms that bind the solar system. However, then the Russians announced that the belts were overtaken. Now it was only about who will reach the first moon. If the Russians came up with their achievements or not, it was second class. At that time the situation was tense. The “cold war” passed and a nuclear war that nobody wanted - no one would have won.

Therefore, the battlefield was the conquest of space and progress in technology. Both sides were disappointed after 40 failed attempts. If it is impossible to overcome a distance of 40,000 km, then it is impossible to talk about the path to the Moon. In such a tense situation, it is not surprising that the Russians resort to fake. When you start lying, you must protect the original lies by other scammers. Just like little children. The Russians said that they not only crossed the emission bands, but also landed on the lunar probe.

This allowed the Russians to conquer the Cold War. Then the Americans announced the same thing. If you can't beat someone, join them. Overcoming the Van Allen belts is a reason for serious doubts about landing on the moon. At an altitude of 80 km above the Earth's surface there is no atmosphere that could slow the flight of a rocket. At these altitudes, satellites successfully move. However, there is a dense band of radiation that slows down and prevents penetration into remote areas of the Universe.

These are good things to think about. Scientists, however, cannot simply stop “exploring” remote areas of the Universe, other expeditions to other planets, etc. The public expects further progress in research.

Now back to the US space shuttle. The virtues of their development are attributed to Verher von von Braun, who came with them in the 1950s. Their development has become the basis of the US space program. Space shuttles should be as high as possible and transmit everything necessary to create an orbital station.

The space station should serve as a research laboratory for further study of the radiation belts, as well as how to fly them or how to avoid them. It should also act as a starting ramp and petrol station. To it must be attached another building material. A new type of shuttle without wings has appeared, which will no longer move in the Earth's atmosphere. In distant orbit, another base will be created to reach radiation ranges, where they will search for some holes or explore another alternative way of penetrating them.

Then they will build another station behind the radiation strips. On the way to the moon, they planned to build about seven transmission stations. The first reason for the construction of these stations was an attempt to overcome the radiation belts, and the second need for refueling as shuttles was unable to transport a sufficient amount of fuel due to a greater deceleration. When the Russians began sending people into space on ballistic rocket launchers, the Americans were forced to do the same.

They themselves admitted that it was simply because of political advertising. They also said that Mercury, Gemini and Apollo were launched to advertise in order to keep up with the Russians.

While other projects were being carried out, what happened to the “real” space program? At that time, American scientists believed that people at the top of ballistic missiles were primitive and insane.

But if we reached the moon and sent a probe into the solar system, then what is so significant on the space shuttle? In those years, the moon was reportedly sent to the moon, photographs were taken from the opposite side of the moon, the first mass of the crew was sent to space, and then untreated probes that landed on the moon, took samples, started from the moon, and returned to Earth . All this was controlled remotely with relatively primitive computers and navigation technologies for many years. And so a man came to the moon.

With enough fuel to leave the moon and return to earth. And all six times in a row. Now we ask again what was so great about the shuttle? Well, they can carry from 6 to 8 people. But the probes that landed on the moon were also heavy, and the three men on board. In fact, the Shuttle does not dare to get more than 300 km above the Earth’s surface on most flights. This is not even the thousandth part of the distance of the Earth - the Moon. A few decades later, can we fly with a crew of 6-8 people up to 300 km?

Now let's look at the usable bandwidth of the shuttles. Space shuttle shuttles can be placed at a lower load on the Earth, which weighs about 20 tons. Now we compare it with the Saturn 5 amplifier that was used by the Apollo missions. This rocket has a much higher payload. The total mass of lunar probes was about 50 tons. At the same time, a heavy load could transport a not very distant orbit, which the space shuttle never reached.

In lower orbits, the Saturn accelerator 5 can carry up to 130 tons of cargo. It was the rocket with the greatest power ever created by the Americans. But even in this case there were some doubts about the authenticity of this project. It describes how they tried to create a rocket of this size, but it never worked properly - the rockets either exploded or could not be controlled. Americans had to come up with something that seemed to fly to the moon.

According to Kaising, it was the whole theater. But in fact, there were missiles "Saturn-5". How they had a payload is a question. According to their data, Saturn 5 could theoretically establish seven Hubble telescopes in flight. Flying on the moon is more anomalies. Among the most significant are the consequences of the impact of a rocket engine landing on the surface of the moon. But let's start with some facts about rocket engines.

There is gravity on the moon, which is six times weaker than on earth. Thus, if a gravitational force of 150 kN is applied to the lunar module, the moon is six times less, 25 kN. What is the weight of such a small truck. Now imagine that such a small truck falls from the sky. The rocket engine, which would provide him a smooth landing, should have made a pretty good move. Scientists say that the surface of the moon is covered with fine dust. In order for the lunar module to descend smoothly, the rocket engine, located at the bottom of the lunar module, had to develop a thrust of about 45 kN.

Then what effect did such a rocket engine have on the dusty surface of the moon? It is interesting to note that no photographs of the lunar module standing on the moon show a hole or at least some hint of a disturbed surface under the module. Many people pointed to this attractive fact. Only a small amount of dust is discarded while touching the lunar surface itself. The relatively cohesive surface of the moon threw the engine pressure to the side. But it is a question of whether this official report is true.

It is not easy to guarantee a flat fit of the module with maneuvering above the surface, even if you are in a gravitational field that is six times weaker than on Earth. The surface did not look as coherent as the astronauts tried to hit the lunar dust. Then show me what kind of “rocket truck” throws out only a small amount of dust when you get into it. In addition, as the astronauts descended from the moon, they remained a few centimeters deep. If an object weighing two and a half tons had to sit down like a feather, the rocket engine would have to work with great power and pump dust in a wider area.

Then there is another fact. In the mid-sixties, astronauts came to outer space, where they performed the first spacecraft. The cadres of these first cosmonauts in space show how slow their movements were, just like the movements of the astronauts of the Moon. When underwater, the body floats - it has much less weight than the earth is on you. You swim in the water when you are outdoors. But with your movements the water slows down due to its high density. Therefore, in the water, your movements are naturally slow.

But you have no atmosphere in space. Movements in space or the moon are, in fact, faster, because they do not interfere with the environment with their resistance. When you look at pictures from space shuttles, astronauts behave differently. Their sneakers are limited to movement, but they also have the problem that their fast movements cause a force acting in the opposite direction. So, if you move your hand quickly, you will start spinning around, as the environment around you will not stand. The representation of slow motions on the moon could be an erroneous conclusion from the images that came from the first exits into space, which were probably filmed in large reservoirs where astronauts slowed down the movement of water.