The youngest religion in the world. What is the most ancient religion of the world?

There are hundreds of natural and artificial rocks in this area. For many years, Hechard was protected by the Holy Spirit, who crossed the body of Christ on the cross. At this time, the Holy Gates are kept in the Echmiadzin Museum. On the way to Yerevan, you can visit the Noah winery and taste Armenian wines.

Flight Yerevan - European city - Vilnius. All transportation using a convenient minibus in Armenia under the program; 7 nights in a hotel or private apartment in Yerevan with breakfast; Lunch during the excursions; Entrance fees to paid objects in the program; Health insurance during the trip, group leader - guide services, excursion program. Price does not include.

Notes: Passport is valid for at least 6 people. The order of the objects can be changed. Travel organizer. The temple is a special building for religious purposes, a place for worship and ceremonies. They were built from ancient times, but most of the new temples are being designed today.

Palace of Knossos. The historic palace of Knossos is located about 5 kilometers from the capital of Crete, a corner of Heraklion. Four thousand years ago, Knossos was the center of government, religion and economics. This is one of the most important monuments of the ancient Mino civilization. The palace houses residential areas, reception rooms, workshops, shops and other premises. Sometimes referred to as the first or oldest temple, Gobekli Tepe is a religious building standing on an elbow in southeastern Turkey. It was built about 11.5 thousand.

Person. m. before you create a sedentary lifestyle. This temple was built in front of the Egyptian pyramid of Giza. Gobekli Tepe is the oldest architectural monument, revealing new riddles about the origin of human civilization. Temple of Amados. The temple was dedicated to the gods Amon and Re-Hirahta.

Changes in the building and decoration of the temple were implemented by later pharaohs. Temples of Djegantia. Gigantha - megalithic ensemble, located on the island of Gozo, a huge Neolithic structure, the Maltese name means "belonging to the giants." According to legend, the temples were built by giants. It is believed that the temple was dedicated to the cult of fertility of the Mother Goddess - on their territory found sculptures, statues and statues.

Temples of Hajara Imo and Mnaidra. The temples of Mnaidra are located on a cliff, about 600 meters from it. It consists of three common, but indelible temples. No human skeletons were found here, so it is likely that the temple was not intended for burial rites. The first temple of Seti.

The First Temple of Set is the first cemetery of Pharaoh Seti, located on the west coast of the Nile, in Abidas. The temple was dedicated not only to Pharaoh Seiche, but also to many deities. It also contains a list of the kings of Abydos, drawn up in chronological order with changing dynasties. It consists of halls, palaces and passages, rolled into the rocks.

Today's reserve was a real grave in prehistoric times. Temple Heychepsut. Temple Hecheputy Temple of the Pharaoh - one of the most beautiful Egyptian buildings. For the first time in his appearance, sculpture was used in the history of architecture. It is assumed that in the temple there may even be 200 statues of Hakchet and the god Ammon. The floor of the temple is lined with gold plates.

Temple of Luxor. Cr. In the New Kingdom. The temple was dedicated to the triads of the gods Ammon, Muta and Chonso. It consists of a circle of large stone rings. The diameter of the outer ring of the largest megalithic system is about 30 meters, behind which the annular channel is located, and then there is a rounded hole. It is not clear who built Stonehenge for what and why, but the prevailing opinion is that it was a huge astronomical observation. Today it is one of the most important prehistoric buildings in Europe, annually attracting hundreds of thousands of tourists.

The religious architecture of China is presented after the presentation of its secular historical architecture. However, its widespread distribution began with the Buddhist monk Batato, who came from India in 464 AD. Buddhist architecture expresses the “return” of peace and peace and creates an atmosphere of serenity and fraternity.

The first designs of Chinese Buddhist architecture - cobblestones, carving, technology and morphology, originated in India. In areas with stones that could be cut, residents began to cut before they began to build. The Mogao, Yungang and Longman caves are wonderful. Chaotic chaos is impressive.

The first major Buddhist temple in China is the Shaolin Temple, built in 495, and since then it has been expanded several times. It has the main characteristics that prevailed and developed in Buddhist architecture, such as hierarchical symmetry, wooden construction with a curved roof and intense colors.

But the most characteristic building created by Chinese Buddhist architecture is a pagoda. The pagoda is derived from the Indian Buddhist Stoupa and the traditional Chinese Chinese high-rise building called “Luu” and is a vertical component that serves as a guide for Buddhist groups. Brick pagodas usually imitated the morphology of their earlier ones, which were wooden.

It has a very high ground floor, divided into two levels, with fifteen consecutive ceilings jutting out above it. The large wild goose pagoda is a giant tower 64 meters high, which impresses with its impressive simplicity. It has a square plan and consists of seven floors, bounded by small roofs.

Chinese Buddhist architecture entered its maturity with the inauguration of the Song Dynasty, abandoning the carved structures, creating the best pagodas, important monasteries and ornate shrines. Wooden Buddhist buildings preserve the building and the basic morphology of modern Chinese buildings.

The structures described by us are very different from European structures. The Buddhist architecture of Tibet is very important. Buddhism spread from India to the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau. However, Buddhist architecture, which was developed from the 8th century in Tibet, now belongs to China, is significantly different from the architecture of India. This is a dynamic compact volume architecture, charming in its simplicity. He created monasteries and temples, as well as fortified palaces and other administrative buildings.

The most typical type of building is a fortress monastery. The jungle has reinforced, sturdy, stone and brick exterior walls that converge inward and are usually painted in white or red ocher. They have well-structured wooden ceilings with dynamic forms of soft slope.

Other monasteries, such as the famous tiger's nest, are guarded by aspiring invaders, as they are located on steep mountain slopes. Another impressive typical building type is the multi-story pyramidal cluster of Buddhist temples, called Buddhism.

Twilight, commonly called the torso in Tibet, has rectangular or circular planes and various shapes. Potala is a massive 13-storey building consisting of the White and Red Palaces. It has a stone structure with huge external walls converging inward and wooden gilded roofs. It is a symbol of Tibetan architecture.

Monastery of Letagh, Harz, Φ Potala Palace, Lhasa. Also noteworthy is the Mongolian Buddhist architecture, developed in modern Mongolia, since it is an exceptional idyllic variation of Chinese Buddhist architecture, adapted to the local characteristics of Mongolia. This is an architecture of clean large volumes and rectangular floors, which are characterized by solid walls that converge inwards and are usually painted white. It bears a strong resemblance to the Buddhist architecture in Tibet.

Monastery Erdene-Zuu, Monastery Gandantuschen. Confucianism and Taoism Architecture Confucianism and Taoism are in principle philosophical approaches to life. Confucianism was religiously combined with ancestors deeply rooted in East Asia. Taoism has a more religious nature.

The creator of Confucianism is Confucius, who was born in the small kingdom of Lu China and supported the need for moral political order, virtue and compassion at all levels of public life. The main principles and positions of his teaching are “Reflections”, a series of debates, speeches and events that greatly contributed to the formation of China, Korea and Vietnam, as well as influenced the culture of Japan.

Confucianism buildings are dedicated primarily to the memory of Confucius. The dominant rational character of Confucianism architecture is clearly recognized in these buildings, which are more scarce than other historical buildings in China. The philosophy of Taoism is based on two books written in the 3rd century BC. and attributed to Lao Jie: The Book of Virtue and the Book of the Road. It is believed, however, that Lao Tse was born around 570 BC. But we do not know how with Homer, if Lao Jie was a real historian.

Tao is the first principle from which all existence and every change in the Universe originates. The goal of Taoism is to restore the physical unity of people and the world, rejecting social agreements, established morality and worldly pleasures. Taoism is also formed by a group of organized religious movements, such as the sects "Orthodoxy" and "complete reality."

Taoist houses are mostly religious buildings. The predominantly mystical character of Taoist architecture is well known on the mountains of Mount Wungan. Φ Mount Wungan Monastery, Chokovo Taoist Temple, Wuhan. Confucianism is due to the streamlining of the land plan, and in Taoism - the spontaneity of morphological expression that permeates the entire architecture of China, the Korean Peninsula and other parts of East Asia. Comparing with ancient Greece, Confucianism corresponds to the element of Apollonius and Taoism of Dionysiac.

Confucianism as rational, paternalistic, conservative, and with an emphasis on hierarchical order dominated urban secular architecture more. Taoism, as more liberal, mystical and anti-rational, dominated the architecture of the gardens.

However, in China, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism coexist harmoniously, without any rigid boundaries, as is evident in the Xian-Kremasti Xian-Kong monastery, where the sculptural images of Confucius, Lao Che and Buddha coexist. On the other hand, the famous Taoist Temple of Heaven in Beijing was developed in conjunction with the principles of Confucianism.